William perry everdon-



v WILLIAM PERRY4 'nvnnno1N;r on" LE-Avnuwosrn, INDIANA.

4 letters Patent dated february 11,718 68. i 'l IMPROVEMENT" INPLoIIeIIs.V

fitte Srlgehule ttfemh trilt tigen @zitiert ttertt tnt, mating' nf its'smut TOWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known'that I, WILLIAM P. EVERDON, of Leavenworth, Crawfordoountyfndiana, have* invented,4

certain new and useful Improvements in Ploughs andfldo ,hereby declarethe', following to-bea full, clear, and

exact description lthereof, reference beinghad to the'accompanyingdrawing, making part of this specification. My inventionconsists in a. device' for subsoil ploughing ortfmeadowsin such amanneras to both underdrain the surface and to cover itjwith a coatingof the. subsoil, `withoutserious.disturbance of-.tlie sods. In theaccompanying drawingsv i A i -v .y n fr A f Figure 1 is a perspectiveview ofaiplougih.embodying'my improvements.' v

v Figure 2 is a. longitudinal sectionuof' thesame.r Y

Y The shareconsists of a hollow or tubularmoul'd-b cutter, B, and at itslower rear side a scoop oriexcavator, C, whose s'harpenedlulowerielge,o,is-soset as to penej trate the subsoilsouie4 three or four inches deeperthanvth'e share'. fil-The seoopi'sattached `adjustably to the share vbymeans of a screw-bolt D, traversing a slot, a, in the-back oi'tbesha1-4e."ProjectingV e-Xternally'and laterally A downwardspfrom near thetop of theftubnlar mould-board, 'is a'deflecting-plate, Harige, rguard,E, which,

receiving the subsoil scatters the same. thinly'and uniformly overrthe'sod; l This flange als'oiacts topress the sod evenly downand'tov'restore the uniformity 'of its surface;V .Erojecting.'`downward-frombeai, so as to preeedethe share, isa. sharpened blade orcoulter, F. It is also adapted to'snhsoilfcnltivate, anddruin all clayoard, having atY its-lowerifijnt side a sharp shovel or and loamylands,loosen the ground without materially disturbing the eveu'rpperfsurfaocof the saine, and

withoutdestroyin'g the vitality of tbe-roots, the ploughpenetratin'gbeneath thesurfacejandV atifthe same time loosening the earth'withoutdetaching or' removing the sod; the plonghbeing in tubularform-throughout, down throughwhich passes a bit, of semicircular shape,cutting' two undone-halt" in clies beneat'hthe inain cut'ofV the plough.The -subsoil is scooped up and v'passes up through'the interior 'of theplough, and falling over the guard sscattered audpressed upon the sod..The sod is cut' and loosenedby the`ploug`h, Vthe guard again pressingit back to its original position, and the dirt`V falling into-the sameguard which presses the soddown, is scattered evenly and thinly over theupper surface of the/sod, thereby invigorating and increasing theigrowthof the latter, at the same time'theland is being cultivated andsubsoiled.l Th'e-,bit,passing down through the hollow o1; c'yliul dricalpost of the plough, cuts a three-inch dra-in, which carries o anysnpcruity of water that may been the surface of the ground. Thewaterreaches the`drain through fthe loosened sod, and `being carried o. Atthe same time the drain beneath thesold,'which has been loosened,contains a su'cent amount of moisture toinsure ya quick and vigorousgrowth.

I claim herein as new, and of my inven'tirv-A r v .K 1.' :The hollowploughshare adapted'to excavate, elevate, and scatter the subsoilwithout material disturbance of the surface, substantially as set forth.Y h 2. -The provision, upon the outside of a tubular plough, A, of thedeiiecting-.plate or guard E,`for the purpose explained. y

- 3. The 'provision'of the adjustable scoop or excavator C, at the rearlower portion of the tubular sh are,

for the object stated. I I i lIn testimony of which invention, Ihereunto-set my hand.4 v

' 4 lWILLIAM PERRY EYERDON.

Witnesses:

J. E. M. BownN, JAMES H. LA'YMAN. l

